pentarchypentarchy means A model of Church organization historically championed in the Eastern Orthodox Church. Lexicurio rates it Sui generis — a strength score of 87 out of 100.EtymologyFrom Late Latin pentarchia, from Ancient Greek πενταρχίᾱ (pentarkhíā), from πεντα- (penta-, “penta-, five”) + -αρχίᾱ (-arkhíā, “-archy, rule”), perhaps via Middle French pentarchie. Equivalent to pent- + -archy.nameA model of Church organization historically championed in the Eastern Orthodox Church.nounGovernment by five persons.A governing body consisting of five persons.A federation of five nations, each under its own government or ruler.